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Ashworth College Week 3 Purposes of Clinical Exercise Test Discussion & Responses

Ashworth College Week 3 Purposes of Clinical Exercise Test Discussion & Responses
Clinical Exercise Testing  As highlighted in Chapter 5 of your course text, clinical exercise testing is conducted for numerous reasons. The purpose for exercise testing, the client’s history and characteristics, as well as the desired outcomes, should be considered before choosing a test modality and protocol. After studying Chapter 5 and reviewing the Introduction to Cardio Pulmonary Exercise Testing video, address the following elements: Select two specific purposes for conducting clinical exercise testing and explain each briefly. For each chosen purpose, summarize the type of clients and their characteristics (i.e., gender, age, history, diagnoses, symptoms), warranting the administration of clinical exercise testing. Assess one exercise test modality and its common uses. Appraise the need for an exercise protocol and the rationale for individualizing it. Support your work with your course text and at least one additional scholarly source. Your initial post should be at least 250 to 300 words in length. Guided Response: Respond to a minimum of two peers by Day 7. Each reply should be a minimum of 100 words in length and supported by one scholarly source. Assume you are currently training your peers in the administration of exercise testing. In your first peer reply, explain one absolute indication to terminate testing. In your second peer reply, focus on a relative indication to abort testing. Replies  Scott Shields Jun 10, 2021 at 11:39 AM Week 3- Discussion 1 Purposes for Clinical Exercise Testing Clinical Exercise Testing (CET) includes the diagnosis, measurement and evaluation of physiological responses or symptoms during clinical exercise testing. The most common type of Clinical Exercise testing is Cardiac Stress testing. The main reason for administering the Cardiac test is to improve diagnosis and better management of those that suffer a myocardial infarction. It can also determine when an individual can resume work or engage in physical activity. According to (Choudhary & Choudhary, 2008) CET enables a general assessment of integrated physical activity responses which cannot be accurately measured and diagnosed using singular organs systems when at rest, maximum oxygen uptake remains the best model for determining exercise capacity. Another reason for the use of CET is to access exercise capacity in individuals suffering from Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease (COPD). This disease causes inflammation and obstruction of airflow. Symptoms of COPD are breathlessness, coughing and wheezing. COPD is usually the result of prolonged exposure to gases, particles and cigarette smoke (COPD – Symptoms and causes, n d). Characteristics and Risk Factors  Heart disease is the primary cause of myocardial infarctions (heart attack) which occurs when the heart doesn’t get a sufficient amount of blood. Individuals that suffer from hypertension, high levels of cholesterol, type II diabetes and obesity are at increased risk of suffering a heart attack. Heart disease risk factors are further increased if you’re a male, are over 65 regardless of age, and area predisposed either by race or heredity. Other risk factors consist of tobacco and alcohol usage, lack of physical activity, stress, diet, and nutrition (American Heart Association, 2016). These risk factors warrant a clinical exercise test as it would indicate if a sufficient amount of blood is reaching the heart and if the arteries are working properly.  Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease (COPD) a respiratory disease and is the main cause of airway blockage and breathing difficulty. COPD usually includes both emphysema and chronic bronchitis. COPD affects mostly women aged 65-75 years old and occurs in people with a history of asthma and smoking (CDC, 2019). COPD symptoms are exacerbated during exercise which is one rational for clinical exercise testing of those with moderate COPD.  This allows medical researchers to evaluate physiological responses and better treat those that suffer from Dyspnoea (shortness of breath) when exposed to physical activity (O’Donnell et al., 2016). The Cardiopulmonary Exercise test that would be used would measure the exchange of gases and the maximal amount of oxygen uptake.   Exercise Test Modality and Common Uses Treadmills are used for the diagnosis and evaluation of cardiovascular stress while undergoing electrocardiography and monitoring of blood pressure (“Treadmill Stress Testing: Background, Indications and Contraindications, Technical Considerations,” 2020). Treadmills enable the doctor to determine if any symptoms are related to the heart and the volume of blood flow to the heart as the exercise intensity is increased.            Another type of exercise test is “Step Testing” which can be used to measure the Heart rate when stepping up and down at a fixed level or time period. Step testing can be done by most people and usually the provider can provide fast results after the test. Exercise protocol             Exercise Protocol consists of using a standardized system of instructions or rules that is distributed and applied across the spectrum for certain exercise testing. The Bruce Protocol is used during the cardiac stress test. It enables the clinician to determine the level of exertion in direct relation to the amount or increments of work to be performed. This is based upon the speed of the treadmill and the grade that it’s elevated to during the test. The “Bruce Protocol is the extensively used protocol across America (ACSM, 2018). References Choudhary, S., & Choudhary, S. (2008). Exercise testing in assessment and management of patients in clinical practice – Present situation. Lung India, 25(3), 111. https://doi.org/10.4103/0970-2113.59592 COPD – Symptoms and causes. (n.d.). Mayo Clinic. Retrieved June 9, 2021, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/copd/symptoms-causes/syc-20353679#:~:text=Chronic%20obstructive%20pulmonary%20disease%20(COPD)%20is%20a%20chronic%20inflammatory%20lung American Heart Association. (2016). Understand Your Risks to Prevent a Heart Attack. Www.heart.org. https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/heart-attack/understand-your-risks-to-prevent-a-heart-attack Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019). CDC – basics about COPD – chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/copd/basics-about.html O’Donnell, D. E., Elbehairy, A. F., Faisal, A., Webb, K. A., Neder, J. A., & Mahler, D. A. (2016). Exertional dyspnoea in COPD: the clinical utility of cardiopulmonary exercise testing. European Respiratory Review, 25(141), 333–347. https://doi.org/10.1183/16000617.0054-2016 American College of Sports Medicine. (2018). ACSM’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription (10th ed.). Retrieved from https://redshelf.com/ Reply Thomas Lyons Jun 10, 2021 at 2:12 PM Clinical Exercise Testing Purposes for Conducting Clinical Exercise Tests Two specific purposes for conducting clinical exercise testing (CET) are to monitor patients to observe physiological responses to increasing or sustained metabolic demand and determine the diagnosis and prognosis through an evaluation of physiological responses to exercise. (ACSM, 2018). An appropriate clinical exercise test is specialized for each patient as they have unique characteristics. These tests are most commonly conducted for the diagnosis and evaluation of ischemic heart disease, a disease characterized by plague building up around the inner walls of the arteries of the heart resulting in narrowed arteries and reduced blood flow to the cardiac muscles. During these clinical exercise tests, exertion will require greater blood flow. Characteristics and Risk Factors This form of clinical exercise testing is commonly conducted on patients who may be concerned with their health, but may not possess any medical history. Tests conducted have no specific target groups and can range from children to elderly persons, regardless of gender, however, it is highly recommended for patients who may have life threatening illness, diseases or other health conditions. For a patient with a condition such as diabetes with accompanied symptoms like blurry vision, weight loss, feelings of exhaustion, or living a sedentary lifestyle, greater risks can be prevalent. Although these tests can be conducted through different methods, this research is assessed to reveal the development of physiological responses. Exercise Test Modality The most frequently used testing modality in clinical exercise testing is the Bruce protocol treadmill test, or the exercise stress test. This is a supervised test where your exercise tolerance is evaluated through different stages of difficulty. This exercise stress test is a cardiological test that measures a heart’s ability to respond to external stress in a controlled clinical environment. (Cardiac Stress Tests, 2019). The Need for an Exercise Protocol An exercise protocol is very necessary when addressing a patient’s health as there are standards that should be reached and rules that should be followed for different, specific tests. By having clients fill out medical history forms, healthcare workers have a greater outlook on the health conditions a patient may have, in order to construct a practical exercise regimen specialized for the individual. References American College of Sports Medicine. (2018). ACSM’s guidelines for exercise testing and prescription (10th ed.). Retrieved from https://redshelf.com/ Cardiac Stress Tests | Fairbanks, A. K. | N. S. (2019, August 9). Cardiac Stress Tests: Fairbanks, AK. Nick Sarrimanolis, MD. https://www.drnicksarrimanolis.com/services/cardiac-stress-tests/.  Reply

Capella University Healthcare Matters Presentation

Capella University Healthcare Matters Presentation
Assessment 1 Instructions: CDS Functions, Users, and Patient OutcomesCreate a slide presentation (20 minutes; 12-15 slides) on clinical decision support (CDS) systems for a new hire orientation. Address CDS functions, users, and the distinctions among coded, non-coded, structured, and unstructured EHR data entry. Include audio recording and speaker notes with presentation.Clinical decision support (CDS) systems have been a discussion topic in the health care and research communities for the past 20 or 30 years. While these systems have demonstrated potential, few have been implemented in a health care setting. A CDS system is actually multiple solutions and technologies with the underlying goal of transforming health care data into useful information.A CDS system, or intervention, is an application that analyzes data to assist health care providers in making clinical decisions. Most CDS applications are components of electronic health record systems. They can also, however, stand alone. A number of types of CDS systems exist along with various tools to enhance the decision-making process. Some CDS systems support administrative activities. Others involve clinical details and protocols and treatment processes.A successful CDS system implementation requires the ability to identify CDS end-users and their roles in mitigating risks and issues. Another critical factor in successful CDS system implementations is the ability to select a CDS system that supports organizational goals and stakeholders. Now, imagine that you are a data analyst. The HIM director has asked you to deliver a presentation on the CDS system at a new hire orientation. The HIM director hopes your presentation can provide new hires with a solid foundational understanding of a CDS system, or intervention. In particular, she wants you to address CDS functions and the importance of CDS users. These individuals are critical to system acceptance, resolution of system issues, and other performance strategies. In your presentation, you will want to incorporate what you have learned in the EHR Go preparatory activities that are part of this assessment. In addition, you will be submitting a voice-over narration with your slides and speaker notes.DEMONSTRATION OF PROFICIENCYBy successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:Competency 1: Examine analytics and decision support.Describe CDS systems’ functions and users.Distinguish between coded, non-coded, structured, and unstructured data entry in the EHR.Evaluate the clinical implications of structured versus unstructured data entry in the EHR.Explain how clinical decision support functions contribute to patient outcomes.Competency 6: Communicate effectively in a professional manner.Create a clear, well organized, professional presentation that is generally free of errors in grammar, punctuation, and spelling.Follow APA style and formatting guidelines for citations and references.PREPARATIONEHR GoAs soon as your faculty member provides the information you need, create an account to access the EHR activities planned for the course. If you need help with your EHR Go account, please contact the EHR Go help desk or phone at 1-877-907-2186. Direct questions related to the content of the learning activities to your faculty member.Before beginning your assessment, do all the assigned EHR course activities. This will help to ensure you have the skills and experience necessary to complete the assessment. Also, as you use various EHR applications, pay attention to your experiences and lessons learned. This information will inform your completion of the assessment.Complete these specific EHR Go activities for Assessment 1:This first activity introduces basic navigational skills to review and enter data in an EHR.EHR Go: EHR Orientation.This second activity focuses on what the EHR can do and how it can be used.EHR Go: The Power of the EHR for CDS.You will need information from these two activities to complete your first assessment.Independent ResearchIf you are less familiar with EHRs and CDS systems, you may wish to conduct additional independent research. The suggested resources provide a good starting point. You may also wish to consult the Health Care Administration Undergraduate Library Research Guide for research tips and help in identifying current, scholarly, and/or authoritative sources.INSTRUCTIONSAs a data analyst, you are ready to begin work on a task your boss, the HIM director, assigned to you. You will deliver a presentation on the CDS system at the new hire orientation. In particular, your boss wants you to emphasize CDS functions and the importance of CDS users. These are the individuals who are critical to system acceptance, resolution of system issues, and so on. You have a total of 30 minutes for your presentation (20 minutes = presentation; 10 minutes = Q & A). You expect it will take 12- to 15-slides to cover your content. You also want to keep in mind that these new hires may be a bit overwhelmed by the volume of information that has been presented to them since they started. With this in mind, you plan to make sure that your slides are not too text heavy and know that you will include additional information in your speaker notes. Your speaker notes will spell out what you will say during the presentation. The slides will cover the highlights. You also want to be sure to incorporate examples in your presentation to illustrate your points. You plan to liberally make use of what you’ve learned in the EHR Go activities for this assessment and the independent research you’ve conducted on CDS systems. From past experience, you know your boss always wants to know the source of your information, so you will make sure to include references to current, scholarly, and/or authoritative sources.Here is the outline you’ve prepared for your presentation that your boss has approved. You’re now ready to begin building your presentation.Welcome (1 slide)How will you open your presentation in a way that engages your audience? For example, consider a compelling quote, a startling fact or statistic, or a thought-provoking questionCDS Systems Definition (1 slide)What is a CDS System?CDS Functions and Users (2–3 slides)What are the three to five major functions of a CDS system?Who are the main users of CDS systems?How do these users contribute to successful CDS system implementation and usage?CDS Functions’ Contribution to Patient Outcomes (1 slide)How do CDS functions contribute to patient outcomes?Coded vs. Non-Coded vs. Structured vs. Unstructured EHR Data Entry (4 slides)What is coded data entry? Why is this important to new hires? (1 slide).What is non-coded data entry? Why is this important to new hires? (1 slide).What is structured data entry? Why is this important to new hires? (1 slide).What is unstructured data entry? Why is this important to new hires? (1 slide).How can you present this information in a table, chart, graphic, et cetera to help new hires keep these terms straight? (1 slide).Clinical Implications of Structured vs. Unstructured Data Entry (1 slide)What are the clinical implications of structured vs. unstructured data entry?Key Takeaways (1 slide)What are the three or four most critical takeaways that you want new hires to retain from your presentation?Closing (1 slide)What do you anticipate are the three to five questions new hires will have about your presentation?Note: This will help prepare you to respond effectively to the new hires’ questions.References (1 slide)What credible resources did you draw on for your presentation in case new hires want to learn more?ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTSFormat: Slide deck with 12–15 slides and speaker notes. Include your voice-over narration (maximum of 20 minutes) with your slides.Visuals: Balance visuals and text in your slides. Incorporate appropriate charts, graphs, tables, diagrams, pictures, visuals, et cetera to help convey your message. Avoid making your slides too text heavy. Place additional information in your speaker notes.APA: Follow APA style and formatting guidelines for citations and references. This guide is a good refresher on APA style and formatting guidelines: APA Style and Format.Writing: Create a clear, well organized, professional presentation that is generally free of errors in grammar, punctuation, and spelling.Resources: Introduction to Clinical Decision Support (CDS) SystemsAziz, H. A., Bearden, R. L., & Elmi, A. (2015). Patient-physician relationship and the role of clinical decisions support systems. Clinical Laboratory Science, 28(4), 240–244.Liberati, E. G., Ruggiero, F., Galuppo, L., Gorli, M., Gonzalez-Lorenzo, M., Maraldi, M., . . . Moja, L. (2017). What hinders the uptake of computerized decision support systems in hospitals? A qualitative study and framework for implementation. Implementation Science, 12.Mitchell, J., Revere, L., & Ayadi, M. F. (2014). Association of clinical decision support systems on process of care measures and quality outcomes for patients with heart failure. Academy of Information & Management Sciences Journal, 17(2), 99–111.Resources: Clinical Decision Support (CDS) System Functions and UsersChorpita, B. F., Daleiden, E. L., & Bernstein, A. D. (2016). At the intersection of health information technology and decision support: Measurement feedback systems … and beyond. Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research, 43(3), 471–477.Chou, W., Tien, P., Lin, F., & Chiu, P. (2017). Application of visually based, computerised diagnostic decision support system in dermatological medical education: A pilot study. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 93(1099), 256.Troiano, D., Jones, M. A., Smith, A. H., Chan, R. C., Laegeler, A. P., Trinh, L., … Chaffee, B. W. (2014). The need for collaborative engagement in creating clinical decision-support alerts. Physician Executive, 40(3), 71–74.

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