Discuss characteristic findings for a stroke and how it affects the lives of patients and their families. Discuss the nurse's ro…

그 | AT&T 6:28 AM 100% Ims-ugrad.gcu.edu their ability to drive, work and perform other independent activities (Falkner & Green, 2018). The nurse can offer support by listening, using touch, being present, using silence when appropriate, offering encouragement, and observing the patient for signs of distress. Like any life-changing event, stroke may trigger depression. To detect signs and symptoms of depression, the nurse should listen closely to the patient and caregivers, especially noting concerns about the patient’s mood. If noted assistance with treatment options such as counseling services should be provided. The nurse should also Inform patients and their families that depression is common, and rehabilitation is more successful when depression is treated (Armstrong, 2014). The nurse also needs to monitor the care that is being provided to the patient and make sure that respect and dignity is being provided toward the patient as well as consideration for their religious, cultural, and spiritual beliefs and gender preferences (Falkner & Green, 2018). The patient and family may fear also another stroke will occur and need assistance to make lifestyle changes to decrease the risk of reoccurrence. The nurse should educate them on heart-healthy eating, physical exercise, managing stress, weight loss, and smoking cessation (Falkner & Green, 2018). To better address caregiver needs, the nurse should be become familiar with community resources, support groups, free services, government agencies, and faith- based communities that can provide caregiver support (Armstrong, 2014). They should also be encouraged to participate in rehabilitation sessions so they can learn functional assistance techniques and communication skills, which can enhance their ability to care for the patient (Armstrong, 2014). Throughout recovery, the patient’s needs change, so the care plan and treatment plan must be modified accordingly. Patient and family education, goal reinforcement, and communication with other healthcare team members about the patient’s needs and concerns are crucial to maximizing outcomes (Armstrong, 2014). References u AT&T 6:27 AM 100% Ims-ugrad.gcu.edu Re: Topic 2 DQ 2 3 Signs and symptoms of stroke often develop suddenly and then may temporarily improve or slowly worsen, depending upon the type of stroke and area of the brain affected. Classic stroke symptoms can be recalled with the acronym FAST (Caplan, 2019). Face – Sudden weakness or droopiness of the face, or problems with vision. ma rentj 6 osts Arm – Sudden weakness or numbness of one or both arms. Speech – Difficulty speaking, slurred speech, or garbled speech. Time – Time is very important in stroke treatment. The sooner treatment begins, the better the chances are for recovery. Therefore, call an ambulance right away. The effects of a stroke can be temporary or permanent, and a person may lose function partially or completely. Complications may include paralysis or loss of muscle movement, difficulty talking or swallowing, memory loss or thinking difficulties, emotional problems, pain and changes in behavior and self-care ability. As with any brain injury, the success of treating these complications varies from person to person (Mayo Clinic, 2019). Recovery from stoke requires changes in physical, social, and emotional aspects of life. Patients may need to reformulate their perception of self and their role in the family and society. They may need to regain abilities such as range of motion and motor skill exercises and mobility training (Falkner & Green, 2018) To improve odds for a better outcome, the patient should be encouraged to participate actively in rehabilitation. The type and amount of rehabilitation needed would depend on specific stroke deficits such as speech, physical, and occupational therapies (Armstrong, 2014). It is also vital that the nurse supports the patient’s psychological and emotional needs. Patients may be concerned that their condition will place additional strain on family relationships and finances, or alter their ability to drive, work and perform other AT&T 100% 6:31 AM Ims-ugrad.gcu.edu tual A stroke occurs when there is a lack of blood flow to the brain, thus causing cells to die. There are two types of stroke which are ischemic and hemorrhagic. Ischemic stroke occurs when a blood clot, plaque or particles are blocking the blood vessels to the brain. A hemorrhagic stroke is when a blood vessel bursts in the brain. 3 Per the CDC (2019) the symptoms of a stroke include: • Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arms or legs. • Sudden confusion or trouble speaking or understanding others. • Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes. • Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, or loss of balance or coordination. • Sudden severe headache with no known cause. Cities In a study (Denham, 2019), it was discovered that stroke survivors had unmet needs with social relationships, support, information, self care and services. They requested services that provided information, training, education, and community support. “Stroke rehabilitation includes a sustained and coordinated effort from a large team, including the patient and his/her goals, family and friends, other caregivers, physicians, neurologists, nurses, physical and occupational therapists, speech-language pathologists, recreation therapists, psychologists, nutritionists, social workers and others” (ASA, 2018). Patients with stroke should be provided a balance training program if they have poor balance or risk for falls. There may be many changes for families. Financial issues due to loss of job or not be able to function with ADL’s is a major component. Support systems will need to be addressed and the social worker or patient care coordinator may be able to assist. “The person’s culture, religion, spirituality, gender, and sexuality can affect how the person views the impact of a temporary or permanently debilitating condition” (Grand Canyon University, 2018). Depression can affect many stroke patients and cause a negative impact on recovery. Some may fear another stroke so education on prevention should be given. The goal is for the patient to gain as much independence as possible through rehabilitation. Resources in the community can be provided also. Nurses can support the patient’s needs through active listening and show compassion by simply being present and holding their hand. We can provide hope, understanding and confidence to these patients. American Stroke Association (2018) Professional Rehab AT&T 100% 6:31 AM Ims-ugrad.gcu.edu ck Discuss characteristic findings for a stroke and how it affects the lives of patients and their families. Discuss the nurse’s role in supporting the patient’s psychological and emotional needs. Provide an example. 2 그 A cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or stroke occurs when an area of blood flow to the brain is halted by a rupture or blood clot in a blood vessel supplying the area, causing brain hypoxia and death. Characteristic findings for a stroke include: unilateral numbness or weakness in the face, arm, or leg; confusion, trouble speaking, or difficulty understanding speech; trouble seeing in one or both eyes; trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance, decreased coordination; severe headache with no known cause. Each patient and their family is affected differently by such a debilitating condition. The patient’s view of the impact of this temporary or permanently debilitating condition is all dependent upon their culture, religion, spirituality, gender, and sexuality. The nurse has a key role in supporting both the patient’s psychological and emotional needs. “The nurse can offer support by listening, using touch, being present, using silence when appropriate, offering encouragement, and observing the patient for signs of distress. The nurse monitors the care given for signs of respect and dignity toward the patient, considering the patient’s religious, cultural, and spiritual beliefs and gender preferences (Falkner & Green, 2018).” Reference: Falkner, A., & Green, S. (2018). Neurological, perceptual, and cognitive complexities. In Pathophysiology: Clinical applications for client health. Retrieved from https://www.gcumedia.com/digital- resources/grand-canyon- university/2018/pathophysiology_clinical-applications- for-client-health_1e.php

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