ELEC1601 Introduction to Computer Programs Outline: • Introduction to direction • Course admin • Computer methods at a excessive‐stage (direction overview) • Lab intro • Encoding numbers Introduction to Computer Programs Why are you here? Why are you here? • You possess no different… • It is a core unit Why are you here? • You prefer to understand how computers work • No longer how to spend MS Notice/send email… Why are you here? • You prefer to understand how computers work • No longer how to spend MS Notice/send email… • What is inner a computer • How could per chance per chance you originate your dangle computer • Scheme the finest higher • How does a computer ‘focus on’ to other devices • Hardware vs instrument • How quit you spend a computer efficiently What is enthusiastic in working out computers • You could per chance per chance already possess your favourite programming language • You are talking to them • But circuit finest understands 0’s and 1’s • We will learn how to bridge the gap Why quit of us like this direction? Why quit of us like this direction? • You prefer to understand how computers work Why quit of us like this direction? • You prefer to understand how computers work • Stress-free • Ultimate Stress-free/Ultimate • Learn how to adjust a right‐chip…ish • We spend an Arduino • You could per chance per chance possess to assemble skills and methodologies to focus on to any computer Stress-free/Ultimate (e.g. lab1) Let’s focus on computer methods What is a computer machine • https://padlet.com/davidboland/7sgxpv8xz8onrkh4 What is a computer machine • One thing you keep up a correspondence thru keyboard/mouse/touchscreen • Supporter of apps • One thing that does mass arithmetic instructions • One thing that integrates inputs and computation • A series of digital common sense that can assemble machine instructions What is a computer machine • One thing you keep up a correspondence thru keyboard/mouse/touchscreen • Supporter of apps • One thing that does mass arithmetic instructions • One thing that integrates inputs and computation • A series of digital common sense that can assemble machine instructions • An digital brain?? Conventional structure of a computer machine What is a program • Written in a programming language • Which implies defined by language Program to execution • Sequence of steps Assembly language • Human readable machine language • Scheme straight to binary digits Can you program in assembly language? • Positive… • You can write extraordinarily efficient code • But…You need to understand the processor in detail • You could per chance per chance now not be smarter than a compiler… Program execution • Positive… • You can write extraordinarily efficient code • But…You need to understand the processor in detail • You could per chance per chance now not be smarter than a compiler… Abstraction Are all computers the identical? Course Small print Course direct • Lectures • Below the hood ‐ Realize circuit/structure • Lab • Designing a machine ‐ Program it bottom up Discovering out Objectives • Divulge material could per chance per chance possess to constantly be linked to these targets • We are here to attend you quit Extra Discovering out Objectives • We prefer to attend you to learn how to learn • What are your finding out ideas? • How did you watch for your HSC/VCE/IBAC/A‐ranges • https://padlet.com/davidboland/ol0rwdpyzw53ewu0 Suggestions for sophisticated learners • You are going to roam a marathon Suggestions for sophisticated learners • Instance finding out strategy • Lectures • Relieve • Tutorials • Relieve • Elevate out workout routines as instructed by tutor • Labs • Relieve • Full as unprecedented as conceivable throughout lab session • Write lab describe afterwards • Examination • Sight throughout STUVAC • Scheme particular you whole all past lecture quizzes • Further closing minute watch sooner than linked exam • Chase to any ‘exam consultation classes’ organised by lecturer Suggestions for sophisticated learners • We prefer you to experience contemporary alternate choices that can doubtlessly attend you to learn higher. Dual‐direction of theories of reasoning • Mind processes in two programs • System 1: • Intuitive/instantaneous • Jog down avenue • What is 2+2? • Easy • System 2: • Invoked when machine 1 fails to solve direct • Tries to bear a rational acknowledge • You are now not finding out when you are the usage of machine 1 A higher finding out strategy • Lectures • Prepare for lectures • No longer at the closing 2d • Distributed assert higher • Relieve • Steal half diligently/actively • Be willing to assemble errors • Tutorials • Prepare for lectures • Relieve • Elevate out workout routines as instructed by tutor • Steal half diligently/actively • Be willing to assemble errors • Be willing to salvage forward/whisk beyond/set a requirement to tutor extra questions A higher finding out strategy • Labs • Prepare for lab in reach • Relieve • Full as unprecedented as conceivable throughout lab session • Originate your crew • Employ the demonstrators • Write lab describe afterwards • SPEAK UP EARLY ABOUT ANY ISSUES A higher finding out strategy • Examination • Sight throughout semester • Possess a watch opinion for exam period starting up throughout STUVAC • Scheme particular you whole all past lecture quizzes • DO NOT DEPEND ON THIS • Further closing minute watch sooner than linked exam • Chase to any ‘exam consultation classes’ organised by lecturer • Easiest if they can attend you • Employ your chums • Employ the discussion forum Discovering out ideas Discovering out ideas • We prefer you to prepare sooner than a lecture. • Really? Why? Discovering out ideas • We prefer you to prepare sooner than a lecture. • Really? Why? • So you can work in lecture • Active participation • Focus on to companions. • Lectures finest have a subset of the knowledge in Canvas. Discovering out ideas • Tutorials could per chance per chance possess to apply lectures • You are equipped to suggestions, but assemble on it in tutorials. • More challenging questions • Extra attend Discovering out ideas • Labs arguably separate • Extra just genuine • But it could per chance per chance possess to all reach together at the quit Bureaucratic stuff Your lifestyles for this direction • https://canvas.sydney.edu.au/ • (https://canvas.sydney.edu.au/courses/35882) How quit I whisk? https://canvas.sydney.edu.au/courses/25935/pages/direction‐organisation?module_item_id=901923 How quit I whisk? • Lab Completion • Marked as a team. • We will take a look at anybody at random. You possess the accountability to inform your peers • Lab experiences (weeks 3‐6) • Put up sooner than start of subsequent lab • Every team member will elevate a turn How quit I whisk? • Midterm • Give you an belief how things work/how you are monitoring • Mission • Altering level of interest to quality • Examination • Hurdle task. Can’t scuttle on your peers How this direction is structured/What you need to quit every week • Know what week you are in • Elevate out now not salvage on the attend of • Elevate out now not quit the inferior tasks • https://canvas.sydney.edu.au/courses/25935/pages/week‐ 2?module_item_id=901930 Plagiarism • Taken very significantly at college Edstem • https://edstem.org/courses/4704/discussion/278920 • Ask questions • Acknowledge other questions • Does now not subject if your answers are unsuitable • Dialogue will give a enhance to them Labs • Groups of 5. CC/RE identical • If you prefer to bear a crew in reach OK • When you be half of a lab, change your title to be group1_<> • Simulation primarily based fully • Zoom breakout rooms • Discord chat impressed • Mask sharing impressed • Distant adjust impressed • Codeshare impressed • Mini‐demo Encoding Recordsdata Why quit computers need to encode knowledge? Why quit computers need to encode knowledge? • Due to the they can finest deal with 0’s and 1’s What quit we mean by encoding knowledge for computers? What quit we mean by encoding knowledge for computers? • Numbers • (binary) What quit we mean by encoding knowledge for computers? • Numbers • (binary) • Colours • Red/inexperienced/blue • Machine Code What quit we mean by encoding knowledge for computers? • Anything else that you maybe prefer to quit with a computer What quit we mean by encoding knowledge for computers? • Literally everything… Originate with numbers… • Why? • Computer methods very factual at arithmetic • Computer methods quit a lot of arithmetic Originate with pure numbers • What are they? How quit we depend numbers in scandalous 10? How quit we depend numbers in binary? • Identical ability, but max of 2 What quit numbers in scandalous 10 mean • Steal into account the number 1429 • How quit we destroy it down? What does a binary number mean • Steal into account the number 111010 mean • How quit we destroy it down? How quit we convert numbers between bases • Convert 382710 to binary? Why Octal/Hexadecimal • How quit you contemplate this song is encoded? Why Octal/Hexadecimal • Scheme binary extra human readable • Conversion (from binary) is easy First exercise from worksheet Priceless properties of scandalous 10 • Is 1345 a extra than one of 10? Is it a extra than one of 100? • Is 13450 a extra than one of 10? Is it a extra than one of 100? • Is 10400 a extra than one of 10? Is it a extra than one of 100? • Is this now not easy? Priceless properties of scandalous 10 • How quit you multiply 1274 by 10? • How quit you multiply 1830 by 100? • Is this now not easy? Priceless properties of scandalous 10 • How quit you divide 10400 by 10? • How quit you divide 10400 by 100? • Is this now not easy? Priceless properties of scandalous 10 • Is 1345 a extra than one of 7? Is it a extra than one of 77? • Is 13450 a extra than one of 70? Is it a extra than one of 777? • Is 10400 a extra than one of 70? Is it a extra than one of 777? • How quit you multiply 1274 by 7? • How quit you multiply 1830 by 77? • How quit you divide 10400 by 77? • How quit you divide 10400 by 777? • Is this now not easy? Priceless properties of scandalous 2 • Is 101100 a extra than one of 2? Is it a extra than one of 4? • How quit you multiply 1010010 by 2? • How quit you multiply 1011110 by 4? • How quit you divide 10101010 by 2? • How quit you divide 10111100 by 4? • Is this now not easy? Priceless properties of scandalous 8, scandalous 16 • Worksheet exercise 2 Couple of bonus questions • What is 10016 ‐1 ? How many diversified numbers can you sigh? • 10 digits? • 10 octal values? • 10 hex values? • 10 bits? Encoding integers • What is the disagreement between the location of integers and location of pure numbers? Encoding integers • What is the disagreement between the location of integers and location of pure numbers? • Signal‐magnitude: the top ability to sigh harmful numbers • Add a signal bit Encoding integers • What is the disagreement between the location of integers and location of pure numbers? • Signal‐magnitude: the top ability to sigh harmful numbers • Add a signal bit • Is this a factual representation? How quit we add signal‐magnitude numbers How quit we add obvious numbers • How quit we add 1503+1729? How quit we add obvious binary numbers • How quit we add 1001+1011? How quit we add signal‐magnitude numbers • Say we possess two binary numbers in signal‐magnitude representation: • A+B (A+ve, B+ve) • A+B (A+ve, B‐ve) • A+B (A‐ve, B‐ve) One’s complement • Invert all bits • Extra effective addition Two’s complement • Easy to compute • Invert all bits and add 1 • Has a enlighten working out • Extra effective addition tranquil
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